Impact of occupational noise exposure on the hearing level in hospital staffs: a longitudinal study.

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of occupational noise on hearing loss among healthcare workers using audiometry. A longitudinal study was conducted with a six-month follow-up period in a hospital with 21 participants, divided into high-noise-exposure (HNE) and low-noise-exposure (LNE) groups. Mean noise levels were higher in the HNE group (70.4 ± 4.5 dBA), and hearing loss was measured using pure-tone audiometry at baseline and follow-up. The HNE group had significantly higher mean threshold levels at frequencies of 0.25 kHz, 0.5 kHz, 4.0 kHz, and an average of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz (all p-values < 0.05) after the follow-up period. After adjusting for confounding factors, the HNE group had significantly higher hearing loss levels at 0.25 kHz, 0.5 kHz, and average frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz compared to the LNE group at the second measurement. Occupational noise levels above 65 dBA over six months were found to cause significant threshold changes at frequencies of 0.25 kHz, 0.5 kHz, and an average of 0.5-4.0 kHz. This study highlights the risk of noise-induced hearing loss among healthcare workers and emphasizes the importance of implementing effective hearing conservation programs in the workplace. Regular monitoring and assessment of noise levels and hearing ability, along with proper use of personal protective equipment, are crucial steps in mitigating the impact of occupational noise exposure on the hearing health of healthcare workers.

Alveolar Bone Morphologic Predictors for Guided Bone Regeneration Outcome in Anterior Maxilla.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the influence of alveolar bone morphologic variables on the outcome of guided bone regeneration (GBR) in the anterior maxilla region. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients who received single maxillary anterior tooth delayed implant placed simultaneously with GBR were recruited. Baseline data including age, gender, implant site, implant brand, and bone graft materials were recorded. The resorption rate of the grafted bone (RRGB), labial bone width at 0 mm, 2 mm, and 4 mm apical to the implant platform at Tn (LBW0Tn, LBW2Tn, LBW4Tn), implant angulation (IA), maximum bone graft thickness (MBGT), bone graft volume (BGV), and the initial bone morphologic variables bone concavity depth (BCD) and bone concavity angulation (BCA) were measured. The Pearson correlation analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and optimal binning method were used to explore the potential predictors for GBR. RESULTS: Among 28 patients, the labial bone width of implant and bone graft volume decreased significantly when measured 6 months after surgery. The mean percentage of RRGB was 49.78%. RRGB was not correlated with gender, age, bone graft material, IA, MBGT, bone graft volume at T1, implant site, and implant brand (P > .05). BCD and BCA were each moderately correlated with RRGB (r = -0.872 [P < .001] and r = 0.686 [P < .001], respectively). A BCD ≥1.03 mm and a BCA <155.30° resulted in a significantly lower percentage of RRGB (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: A significant grafted bone materials volume reduction was detected after GBR with collagen membrane and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM). The initial bone morphology can influence GBR outcome, and a bone concavity with a depth ≥1.03 mm and an angulation <155.30° led to a lower RRGB. BCD and BCA can be used as variables to predict the outcome of GBR.

Cyclosporine A-induced gingival overgrowth in renal transplant patients accompanied by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the prevalence of cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth and the expression of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition factors in the gingival tissues of renal transplant patients. BACKGROUND: Gingival overgrowth (GO) is a frequent complication in organ transplant patients treated with the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA). The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered a factor contributing to CsA-induced GO. However, current knowledge on this topic is sparse. METHODS: Sixty-three renal transplant patients were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of GO: those with gingival overgrowth (GO+ group) and those without gingival overgrowth (GO- group). Data on age, sex, and use of immunosuppressant and calcium channel blocker medications, serum creatinine values, peak concentrations of blood CsA, and gingival hyperplasia scores were recorded to identify clinically pathogenic factors. Gingival tissues from five patients with CsA-induced GO and five healthy subjects were selected for histomorphological observation with hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson staining, and immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expression of EMT factors was detected with reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. RESULTS: The use of CsA significantly increased the prevalence of GO in renal transplant patients. The expression of α-SMA, SMAD4, and TGM2 was upregulated and that of E-cadherin was downregulated in the gingival tissues of patients with CsA-induced GO compared with those of the corresponding controls. CONCLUSION: Treatment with CsA is closely related to the occurrence of GO in renal transplant patients and EMT plays an important role in CsA-induced gingival tissue hyperplasia.

A comprehensive finite-element human ear model to estimate noise-induced hearing loss associated with occupational noise exposure.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Noise is a common occupational and environmental hazard; however, little is known about the use of computational tools to quantitively analyze data on basilar membrane (BM) damage in noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Here, we established a comprehensive three-dimensional finite-element human ear model to quantify the impact of noise exposure on BM and perilymph fluid. METHODS: We used auditory risk units (ARUs) to evaluate the BM damage for subjects (3 men and 5 women; mean age, 32.75 ± 8.86 years; age range, 24-44 years). A 90-dB sound pressure level (SPL) was normally applied at the external auditory canal (EAC) entrance to simulate sound transmission from the EAC to the cochlea at frequencies of 0.2-10.0 kHz. RESULTS: The pressure distribution of perilymph fluid is totally different on frequency responses under low and high sound-evoked (0.013-10.0 kHz). The highest ARUs were 18.479% at the distance of 1 mm from the base, and the second-highest to fourth-highest ARUs occurred at distances of 5-7 mm from the base, where their ARUs were 9.749%, 9.176%, and 11.231%. The total of the ARUs reached 81.956% at external frequencies' sounds of 3.2-5.0 kHz. Among these, the 3.8-kHz and 3.6-kHz frequencies yielded the highest and second-highest ARUs of 20.325% and 19.873%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study would inform our understanding of NIHL associated with occupational noise exposure. We present a FE modelling and describe how it might provide a unique way to unravel mechanisms that drive NIHL due to loud noises.

Effects of age-related tympanic-membrane material properties on sound transmission in the middle ear in a three-dimensional finite-element model.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Young's modulus of the tympanic membrane (TM) is an important modeling parameter in computer simulations of the sound transmission in the ear. Understanding the material mechanics of the TM is essential to improve the coupling between the tympanic membrane and the auditory ossicles. However, the impact of the age-related Young's modulus of the TM on sound transmission is not well known. The objective of this study was to use a comprehensive finite element (FE) model to assess the impact of Young's modulus on sound transmission from the ear canal to the stapes footplate over acoustic frequencies. METHODS: The FE model of the ear canal, the middle ear, and the inner ear, was constructed. The model was constructed with identical geometries and boundary conditions, but with three different Young's moduli for the TMs. The auditory ossicles, suspensory ligaments and tendons, and manubrium were also modeled as isotropic elastic materials. Beside, we evaluated the age-related Young's moduli of the TMs on sound transmission with the FE element fluid-structural interaction (FSI) model under acoustic loading conditions. RESULTS: The impact of the age-related Young's moduli on the sound pressure distributions in the ear canal was significant over two frequency ranges of 1.4-3.2 and 8.6-10 kHz. Meanwhile, the significant differences of the displacement of the stapes occurred at around 1.6 kHz, where the displacement of the stapes decreased from 0.352 nm to 0.287 nm. CONCLUSIONS: The FSI model could demonstrate the influence of Young's modulus of the TM on the transfer of sound-induced vibrations form the ear canal to the stapes footplate. The FE model may provide appropriate information to the medical device development of artificial ossicles and hearing aids.

[Characteristics of Nutrient Removal in a Pilot-scale A2/O with Mixture of Sludge Fermentation Liquor and Tail Water as External Carbon Source].

To resolve the issue of sewage fluctuation and discontinuity in a rural district of China, a new operation mode of replenishing the mixture of fermentation liquor and tail water during the off-flow period was proposed, and the nutrient removal performance of a pilot-scale A2/O system with this operation mode was investigated. The results of beaker experiments found that the mixture of tail water and fermentation liquor at a ratio of 12:1 had better denitrification and phosphorus release/absorption characteristics than the raw water, and theoretically had the function of enhancing denitrification and phosphorus removal performances. The results of a 97 d pilot test showed that the removal efficiency of TN and TP was improved after the system was adjusted from the constant flow mode to this new operation mode, and the average removal rate of TN and TP increased from 69.27% and 86.94% to 73.34% and 89.94%, respectively. The corresponding average effluent concentration decreased from 15.77 mg·L-1 and 0.80 mg·L-1 to 13.76 mg·L-1 and 0.64 mg·L-1. The sequencing results of the 16S rRNA gene showed that this new operation mode was beneficial to the enrichment of five common hydrolytic acidizing bacteria genera, six phosphorus-accumulating organisms genera, and four denitrifying bacteria genera. This was also the main reason for the improved nutrient removal performance. According to the long-term monitoring of the characteristics of activated sludge, this new operating mode will degrade the sedimentation performance of activated sludge in the system, and the average SVI increased from 106 mL·g-1 to 131 mL·g-1. However, this degree of deterioration did not adversely affect the sludge activity and nutrients removal performance of the system, and there was no sludge bulking in the entire experiment. The results of this study have shown that the A2/O system can maintain and improve the performance of nutrients removal by replenishing the mixture of tail water and sludge fermentation liquor when the flow is cut off. This will provide new ideas for the design and operation of sewage treatment plants in rural areas in the future.

[Effect of silencing LASP1 on biological behaviors of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and IC50 of three anti-tumor drugs].

PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate the effects of LASP1 on proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and cycle of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and analyze the changes of IC50 in three antitumor drugs: cisplatin, apatinib and docetaxel. METHODS: The correlation between LASP1 and survival rate and prognosis of patients with head and neck cancer were analyzed on the human protein atlas data. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of LASP1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. LASP1 silenced HN30 stable transfectant cell line was constructed by lentivirus. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Plate colony assay was used to detect cell clone formation ability. Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration and invasion ability. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle changes. Oral squamous cell carcinoma metastases were established in nude mouse, the number of metastatic lung nodules was counted and stained with H-E. CCK-8 method was used to analyze the changes of IC50 in three antitumor drugs: cisplatin, apatinib and docetaxel. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 11.0 software package. RESULTS: LASP1 was closely related to the survival rate and prognosis of head and neck cancer. LASP1 promoted proliferation, colony formation, metastasis and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line HN30, promoted G2/M phase transition of cell cycle, and significantly reduced the formation of lung metastasis in nude mice after silencing. There was significant correlation with docetaxel IC50 but no significant impact on cisplatin IC50 and aptatinib IC50. CONCLUSIONS: LASP1 enhances cell proliferation, plate cloning, metastasis and invasion, G2/M phase transition of cell cycle, promotes lung metastasis in nude mice and docetaxel resistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line HN30.

[Treatment of combined periodontal-pulpal lesions with periodontal therapy].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical effects of periodontal therapy for combined periodontal-pulpal lesions. METHODS: One hundred and nine patients with periodontal-pulpal lesions were included in this study, with total 120 teeth. All the teeth were treated by perfect root canal therapy, and than divided into group A and B. Group A was treated with periodontal therapy (60 teeth). After 2 weeks of root canal therapy, basic periodontal therapy was performed. After 6 weeks, patients with more than 5 mm periodontal pockets and bleeding after probe were treated with valvuloplasty. Group B underwent non-periodontal treatment (60 teeth), root canal therapy and supragingival scaling alone. The patients were followed up for 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after operation. SPSS 22.0 software package was used to analyze the indexes at initial diagnosis and 24 months after operation. RESULTS: In group A, the depth of periodontal pockets was significantly reduced before and after PD, from(5.966±1.877) mm to(5.133±1.935) mm. The periodontal pocket depth of group B was significantly increased before and after operation, from(5.533±1.856) mm to (6.167±1.927) mm. The degree of tooth mobility (TM) before operation was similar between the two groups (P>0.05). Two years after operation, the degree of TM in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (P<0.05). There was no significant change in alveolar bone resorption before and after operation in group A (P>0.05). The alveolar bone resorption in group B changed significantly before and after operation (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Root canal therapy combined with periodontal therapy for combined periodontal-pulpal lesions can achieve good results. It can be widely used in clinic.

[Clinical study of simultaneous implantation in maxillary molar area after bone graft in patients with residual alveolar bone height<3 mm].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical effect of maxillary sinus floor elevation and simultaneous implant in patients with residual alveolar bone height <3 mm in the posterior maxillary sinus area. METHODS: From April 1, 2012 to December 31, 2015, 56 patients with lost maxillary posterior teeth and residual alveolar bone height <3 mm were enrolled in this study. During operation, maxillary sinus floor elevation was performed and implants were placed simultaneously. Patients were followed up for 3, 6 and 12 months (range: 6-12 months) to analyze and evaluate the postoperative healing effect. RESULTS: A total of 52 implants were placed in 38 patients. During the follow-up period, all patients had good osterintegration of the implants and the surrounding bony tissues. Efficient mastication was obtained. The color and shape of gingiva returned to normal. No complications occurred. The surgical success rate was 100%. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with residual alveolar bone height <3 mm, maxillary sinus floor elevation and simultaneous implant in patients can also obtain good therapeutic effect.

[The effect of C-SiO2 composite films on corrosion resistance of dental Co-Cr alloy].

PURPOSE: To study the effect of carbon-silica composite films on corrosion resistance of Co-Cr alloy in simulated oral environment and provide evidences for clinical application of this new material. METHODS: Co-Cr alloy specimens were cut into appropriate size of 20 mm × 20 mm × 0.5 mm. Then, the carbon-silica composite films were spin-coated onto the specimens. Subsequently, ICP-AES was used to observe the Co, Cr, Mo ion concentrations. Finally, Tafel polarization curves of the specimens were used to measure the electrochemical corrosion resistance by electrochemical workstation. SAS8.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The results of ICP-AES showed that the ion concentrations of Co, Cr, Mo of specimens coated with composite films in the testing liquid were significantly smaller than that of Co-Cr alloy specimens. Tafel polarization curves showed that in the specimens coated with composite films, the corrosion potential moved in the positive direction and increased from -0.261 V to -0.13 V. At the same time, the corrosion current density decreased from -5.0017µA/cm2 to -5.3006 µA/cm2. CONCLUSIONS: Carbon-silica composite films (silica=61.71wt %) can reduce the release of metal ions significantly and improve the corrosion resistance of Co-Cr alloys effectively. Carbon-silica composite films may be a promising dental material.

Cytoplasmic c-ros oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase expression may be associated with the development of human oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The c-ros oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) gene encodes a proto-oncogenic protein that has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of several types of cancer. The present study aimed to analyze the expression of ROS1 in human oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs), and investigate the association between its expression and the clinicopathological parameters of patients with OSCC. Paraffin-embedded OSCC tissues from 31 patients were obtained and the expression of ROS1 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The cellular location of ROS1 was determined by immunofluorescence in human oral cancer CAL-27 cells. The association of clinicopathological characteristics and survival rates with ROS1 expression were assessed. The results revealed that ROS1 was exclusively localized in the cytoplasm of the OSCC tissues (24/30, 80.0%), and in the cytoplasm of adjacent dysplastic epithelial tissues (2/15, 13.3%) (P<0.001). The moderate to strong expression of ROS1 in the cytoplasm was higher in OSCC tissues than in the normal epithelial tissues adjacent to the tumor (67.7 vs. 0%, P=0.001). The results of the Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that there was no association between the 5-year survival rate of patients and the cytoplasmic (P=0.28 and P=0.60, respectively) or nuclear expression (P=0.90 and P=0.31, respectively) of ROS1. These results suggest that the cytoplasmic expression level of ROS1 may be associated with the development of OSCC.

[Effect of cyclosporine A on TGF-ß/Smad3 signaling in rat gingival fibroblasts].

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of cyclosporine A (CsA) on TGF-ß/Smad3 signaling in rat gingival fibroblasts and to explore the mechanism of CsA induced gingival overgrowth. METHODS: Healthy Sprague-Dawley rat gingival fibroblasts were cultured with different concentrations of CsA and the cell proliferations were assessed with CCK-8 assay. The mRNA levels of TGF-ß1, Smad3 and collagen I were measured by real-time PCR. The protein level of TGF-ß1, Smad3, p-Smad3 and collagen I were determined using western blot and immumofluorescence. Cell migration ability was detected by cell wound scratch assay. The data was analyzed with SPSS 20.0 software package. RESULTS: The use of 200 ng/mL CsA stimulated proliferation and migration of gingival fibroblasts. The mRNA levels of TGF-ß1 and collagen I were significantly promoted after CsA exposure. The protein syntheses of TGF-ß1, p-Smad3 and Collagen I were also increased by CsA stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: CsA may activate TGF-ß/Smad3 signaling pathway, thus promoting the proliferation and migration of rat gingival fibroblasts as well as collagen accumulation, which eventually lead to gingival overgrowth.

[Application of angulated periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography in detection of missing root canals].

PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy of angulated periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the detection of missing root canals. METHODS: Before endodontic treatment, 200 teeth were scanned by CBCT and taken conventional periapical radiographs at the routine angle. During the root canal treatment, the radiograph was taken at an angle of 20-30 degree from the mesial or distal of the teeth with files in canal and the diagnosis of missing canals by angulated periapical radiography was compared with the image of CBCT. The data was analyzed using SPSS19.0 software package. RESULTS: Among the 200 teeth, missing canals were displayed in 8 cases by angulated periapical radiography, among which 3 were anterior teeth and 5 were molars. There were 4 anterior teeth and 11 molars with missing canals were found in CBCT. But the difference between the two methods was not significant(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The angulated periapical radiography and CBCT will assist the clinician in detection of missing root canals.

Bioinformatics analysis reveals significant genes and pathways to target for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to explore the molecular mechanisms in the process of oral squamous cells carcinoma (OSCC) development. METHOD: We downloaded the affymetrix microarray data GSE31853 and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OSCC and normal tissues. Then Gene Ontology (GO) and Protein-Protein interaction (PPI) networks analysis was conducted to investigate the DEGs at the function level. RESULTS: A total 372 DEGs with logFC| >1 and P value < 0.05 were obtained , including NNMT, BAX, MMP9 and VEGF. The enriched GO terms mainly were associated with the nucleoplasm, response to DNA damage stimuli and DNA repair. PPI network analysis indicated that GMNN and TSPO were significant hub proteins and steroid biosynthesis and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies were significantly dysregulated pathways. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the genes and pathways identified in our work may play critical roles in OSCC development. Our data provides a comprehensive perspective to understand mechanisms underlying OSCC and the significant genes (proteins) and pathways may be targets for therapy in the future.

[Evaluation of three-dimensional changes after sinus floor augmentation with DBBM].

PURPOSE: The objective of present study was to assess the dimensional stability of the grafting material DBBM (Bio-oss) after maxillary sinus floor augmentation with spiral computed tomography (SCT) scans and 3D reconstruction. METHODS: Two postoperative SCT scans were available from 12 patients who had undergone maxillary sinus lift procedures. CT scan was taken at 2 week after surgical intervention and 6 months later, respectively. A total of 12 maxillary sinuses were augmented with 100% DBBM before implant insertion by lateral antrostomy in a staged approach. The augmentation volume was calculated using the SurgiCase CMF5.0 software. Data were calculated by Stata10 software package. RESULTS: The mean volume of the graft was reduced by 19.40%. Specifically, the reduction reached 0.29% in the buccal-palatal direction, 5.87% in the mesial-distal dimension, and 14.32% in vertical dimension. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that the volume of DBBM has a certain amount of reduction within 6 months after sinus floor augmentation. The reduction in vertical direction is most severe.

[Application of the fiber-reinforced resin in transitional denture after implantation].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical effect of transitional restoration by the fiber-reinforced resin bonded bridge in the anterior zone after implantation. METHODS: Twenty-three cases with missing upper/lower central incisor, lateral incisor or canine were collected and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. One week after implant operation, the patients in the experimental group were repaired with the fiber-reinforced resin bonded bridge; while 2 weeks after implant operation, the patients in the control group were repaired with the removable partial denture. Then, the clinical effect was evaluated. The data was analyzed with SPSS18.0 software package for X(2) test. RESULTS: Patients in the experimental group were more satisfied with pronunciation than in the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). Patients in both groups were quite satisfied with the esthetic effect(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There are comfortable feeling and satisfactory aesthetic result with the fiber-reinforced resin bonded bridge. It didn't affect wound healing and could meet the requirement of transitional repair after implantation.

[Expression and clinical significance of ErbB3 binding protein ebp1, E-cadherin, ICAM-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma].

PURPOSE: To investigate the expression of ErbB3 binding protein ebp1, E-cadherin, ICAM-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma(SACC), and to explore their relationship with clinical pathological features. METHODS: Two-step immunohistochemical staining method was used to detect the expression of ebp1 E-cadherin, ICAM-1 and MMP-9 in 33 cases with human SACC and 33 with para-cancerous normal tissues. All data were analyzed with SPSS17.0 software package. RESULTS: Positive expression rate of ebp1 in SACC was 84.85%, lower than in normal salivary tissues(96.97%). Ebp1 expression was significantly correlated to pathological pattern and clinical stage(P<0.05), but not correlated to gender and age. Positive expression rate of ebp1 at I-II stage was higher than that of SACC at III-IV stage; in regard to pathological typing, higher expression was found in adenoid tubular type than in solid type; the positive expression rate in patients with tumor metastasis was lower than in patients without metastasis (P<0.05). Expression of ebp1 had a positive relationship with E-cadherin (r=0.851,P<0.01), while a negative relationship was found with MMP-9 (r=-0.364,P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Expression of ebp1 may be associated with progression of SACC. Ebp1 has important role in the generation and evolution of adenoid cystic carcinoma, and can be used as a useful indicator for clinical assessment of tumor biological behavior and prognosis in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma.

[The influence of active calcium ions solution on the ultrastructure of the enamel and cementum of extracted teeth and the evaluation of its cytotoxicity].

PURPOSE: To detect the effect of active calcium ions solution on the ultrastructure of enamel and cementum of the extracted teeth and observe the cytotoxicity of the solution on NIH3T3 cell through cell culture. METHODS: Active calcium ions solution composition was detected with a Quanta200FEG field emission scanning electron microscopy, and the ultrastructure of teeth enamel and cementum was observed before and after the application of calcium ions solution. After diluting the calcium ions solution, MTT assay method was used to observe the impact of active calcium ions solution of different concentrations on the NIH3T3 cells growth. Based on cell relative growth rate, the cytotoxicity grade was rated. RESULTS: Active calcium ions solution was composed of calcium, carbon, oxygen, and chlorine. And there was no change in the enamel and cementum before and after soaking the teeth with active calcium ions solution. The maximum concentration of safe calcium ions solution on cytotoxicity grade was 0.344 mg/mL. CONCLUSIONS: Active calcium ions solution can be used in the oral cavity,but appropriate concentration should be selected.

[Expression of erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (ErbB-3) binding protein-1, matrix metalloproteinases, eplthelial cadherin in adenoid cystic carcinoma and correlation analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of ErbB-3 binding protein-1 (EBP-1), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and E-cadherin (E-cad) in adenoid cystic carcinoma and their correlation. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry(PV6000 method) was used to detect EBP-1, MMP-9 and E-cad expression in 66 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma tissues and matched para-cancerous normal tissues. In this study all cases were successfully followed up. RESULTS: The positive expression rate of EBP-1 in adenoid cystic carcinoma tissues was 85%. EBP-1 expression was significantly correlated to pathological pattern and clinical stage (P < 0.05), but not to gender and age. In addition, there was a negative correlation between EBP-1 and E-cad expression, and positive correlation between EBP-1 and MMP-9. CONCLUSIONS: EBP-1 and its correlation with MMP-9 and E-cad may be used as useful indicators for clinical assessment of tumor biological behavior and prognosis in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma.